Remove the turkey from the refrigerator 30–60 minutes before cooking.
Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Rinse turkey if needed and pat dry inside and out. Remove giblets from cavity and set aside.
Place the turkey on a cutting board, breast up, with the neck side facing you. Lift the skin and find a natural cavity. Use your clean hands to stuff the stuffing inside. Fit as much as you can but don't overfill too much. You can cook any leftover stuffing separately.
Use 3 toothpicks to secure the stuffing in the turkey. Insert the toothpick from the excess skin around the cavity to the skin on the other side of the cavity. Twist the toothpick and secure it.
Turn the turkey around and loosely fill the main cavity with herbs, garlic cloves, and optional orange slices.
Carefully loosen the skin over the breast and rub about 1 tablespoon butter or ghee underneath. Tie legs with kitchen twine if desired.
Rub remaining softened butter or ghee or olive oil all over the turkey skin, including thighs and wings. Season generously with salt and pepper.
Prepare the roasting pan: add giblets (if using), sliced orange, cranberries, and ½ cup broth or water.
Place turkey on top, breast-side up. Cover with lid or foil (use parchment between foil and turkey if preferred).
Roast for approximately 35 minutes per kg.
About 1 hour before it’s done, uncover turkey, drain any cavity liquid into the pan, and baste with pan juices. Add orange slices on top if desired, securing them to the breast with toothpicks.
Continue roasting uncovered until internal temperature reaches 165°F (74°C) at the thickest part of the thigh. Broil briefly for extra-golden skin if needed.
Remove turkey from oven, drain cavity juices into pan, and rest for 20 minutes, loosely covered.